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Los Carneros AVA
Los Carneros AVA (also known as Carneros AVA) is an American Viticultural Area which includes parts of both Sonoma and Napa counties in California, U.S.A.. It is located north of San Pablo Bay. The proximity to the cool fog and breezes from the bay makes the climate in Los Carneros cooler and more moderate than the wine regions further north in Napa Valley and Sonoma Valley. The cooler climate has made Los Carneros attractive for the cultivation of cooler climate varietals like Pinot noir and Chardonnay. Many of the grapes grown in Los Carneros are used for sparkling wine production.〔Appellation America (2007). ("Carneros ~ Los Carneros (AVA): Appellation Description" ). Retrieved Oct. 30, 2007.〕 Receiving its AVA status in 1983, the Carneros area was the first wine region in California to be defined by its climate characteristics rather than political boundaries.〔A. Goldfarb ''"(Carneros AVA -- The Sweet Spot for Pinot noir and Chardonnay )"'' Appellation America, September 28th 2007〕
==History==
In the year 1942, wine producer Louis M. Martini purchased the old Stanly Ranch and began a replanting effort. By the 1970s, the Carneros region had more than of vineyards. By this time the Carneros region was starting to develop a reputation for the quality of the Chardonnays and Pinot noirs that came from this cool-climate region. This reputation caught the eyes of sparkling wine producers from Champagne and elsewhere. In the 1970s and continuing to this day, Francis Mahoney of (Mahoney Vineyards ) and (Fleur de California ) in conjunction with UC-Davis have conducted an ongoing series of clonal trials to determine the best Pinot noir grapes for the Carneros region. The 1980s saw a wave of investment and development in Los Carneros by producers such as Domaine Chandon, Domaine Carneros, Gloria Ferrer, Mumm Napa and Codorníu Napa that made Carneros one of the centers of California sparkling wine production.〔J. Robinson (ed) ''"The Oxford Companion to Wine"'' Third Edition pg 140-141 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0-19-860990-6〕 In the late 1980s, phylloxera returned to the Carneros region prompting extensive replanting efforts. In addition to taking advantage of better phylloxera-resistant rootstock, many Carneros producers also took the opportunity to plant some of the new French clones of Pinot noir and Chardonnay.〔D. Berger ''"(Los Carneros Pinot noir: a regional signature becomes illegible as winemakers seek a new identity )"'' Appellation America, Feb. 12th 2006〕 The surging popularity of Chardonnay in the 1980s further stimulated plantings in the Carneros region. By the early 1990s, the region had over planted.〔J. Laube ''"(What Lies Ahead for Carneros? )"'' Wine Spectator, May 15th, 1994〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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